Literature Review School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering Final Year Project CHPR / MATE / MECH / MCTX / OGEG / Starting Out •Most students start with either little detailed understanding of their project topic, or a narrow blogger.com is a platform for academics to share research papers · This online tutorial will guide you through the process of carrying out and writing a literature review for your dissertation or final year project. While the exemplars have a data science focus, the principles are the same for any science or technology related blogger.com: Lesley English
How To Write a Literature Review - Sample & Example
To browse Academia. edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser, engineering literature review example. Skip to main content, engineering literature review example. edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. Log In Sign Up. Download Free PDF. Writing Critical Literature Review in Geotechnical Engineering.
Roohollah KJ. Download PDF. Download Full PDF Package This paper. A short summary of this paper. READ PAPER. Writing Critical Literature Review in Geotechnical Engineering Samira Y. Kakh Faculty of Education, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia e-mail: yksamira2 live. my Ahmad Safuan A.
Rashid Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia Corresponding Author, e-mail: ahmadsafuan utm. my Roohollah Kalatehjari Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia e-mail: kjroohollah2 live. my Nazri Ali Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia e-mail: nazriali utm. my Wan Fara Adlina Wan Mansor Language Academy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia e-mail: wanfara utm, engineering literature review example.
com ABSTRACT The main concern of this research was assisting postgraduate students when they write in the disciplines. Therefore, the efficacy of some ideas for supervising novice writers in Geotechnical Engineering were qualitatively investigated. To meet the research objective, a series of supervisory sessions that were done in Google Docs were observed and the interactions between the supervisor and the supervisee were thoroughly analyzed.
This study showed that online tools such as Google Docs could facilitate learning to write in Geotechnical Engineering through comparing good writing samples and supervisor-student discussion. These activities led to discovering genre features and developing better understanding of the revising stage, engineering literature review example. This study suggests that using Google Docs to facilitate the interactions between supervisors and supervisees could improve the fluency and the content of writing in the disciplines.
Such breakthroughs introduced a new dimension in supervising student writers. KEYWORDS: Literature Review; Writing, Academic Writing; Writing in the Disciplines. Each discipline has several writing genres, and each genre has its own specific characteristics.
In academic writing classes language experts emphasize the readability and communicability of writing practice and develop general understandings of the features engineering literature review example academic writing. In addition to such awareness, novice writers in the disciplines need to gain knowledge of the conventional features that disciplines define for each genre.
Subject specialists are assumed to have knowledge of the disciplinary conventions, therefore they can provide proper guidance for novice writers. Writing the literature review in geotechnical engineering is one important, but difficult to handle disciplinary genre. Literature reviews in higher education are expected to be critical Dovey, A critical literature review deepens the understanding of the readers of the current state of the art.
A quick glance at the research articles published by students of higher education in geological engineering shows that authors provided statements or short summaries of past methodologies and listed several names in front of each statement. Such characteristics have been observed in other disciplines, such as social sciences Swales and Lindemann,pharmacy Jesson and Lacey,and computer sciences Webster and Watson, These attempts to construct the literature review often lack effective evaluation of past research in relation to new research being proposed Holbrook et al.
The manuals and materials on how to do and write a critical literature review provide a number of techniques engineering literature review example what to do, and what not to do e. Paltridge, ; Swales and Feak, These materials prescribe how to sort and organize past research summaries and write up critical reviews.
These materials often provide general literature review guidelines. This means that they are not published for specific disciplines; therefore, novice writers cannot develop awareness of the conventional features of the literature review in their disciplines while doing and writing it.
This issue has long been the concern of genre scholars such as Paltridge Writing critical literature reviews is a neglected area of expertise in geotechnical engineering research and supervision.
Supervisors need to gain insight into guiding novice scholars in developing a narrative, effective, analytical, and original account information that is available. Novice scholars should be aware that science is meaningful in relation to past research, therefore there is a need to acquire the skills of synthesizing past research to establish another research niche Hyland, This approach to genre offers an analytical engineering literature review example to texts such as literature review, through which learners critically examine the linguistic features of a text, engineering literature review example, its structure, engineering literature review example, and the moves and steps that authors took to construct that text.
This research tested this approach in a series of supervisory engineering literature review example. The aim of this research was introducing an approach to guiding novice writers in geotechnical engineering. Holbrook et al. Therefore, some researchers proposed ways of developing the skills of criticism in novice writers Bloch, ; Dodson and Feak, K these studies was helping novice writers to create a research space for themselves.
This research adopted Swales and Swales and Feakgenre approach to design a series of supervisory sessions. The participants of this study were a supervisor from geotechnical engineering department in a leading university in Malaysia and an applicant of a PhD position in the same university.
In this process the supervisor assisted him to develop a critical literature review for his article. The supervision sessions were done online in Google Docs environment, engineering literature review example. Google Docs is a cloud based word processor that enables supervisors to provide feedback and guidance and the supervisees to revise their drafts in the same environment. This environment had a research privilege for the current research, because all the interactions between the supervisor and the supervisee could be observed by the researchers.
Developing logical arguments in the literature review, according to Turner and Bitcheneris essential to a viable literature review. Turner engineering literature review example Bitchener discuss that engineering literature review example logical argument can be constructed by logically sequencing propositions.
To help the supervisee to construct such structures in his literature review, the supervisor shared with him a well-written literature review and guided the supervisee to analyze the rhetorical structure of arguments in a literature review written by an expert in geotechnical engineering. Then the supervisee had to construct his own critical literature review in Google Docs environment, engineering literature review example.
In this process, the supervisor was asking questions to investigate the awareness of the supervisee of the structural organization of what he had written, use of conjunctions, and authorial voice. The data were collected through virtual participant observation and an analysis of the discussions between the supervisee and the supervisor, engineering literature review example.
The data from the discussions were cross checked with the data from the observations to validate the data. The method of engineering literature review example analysis was qualitative content analysis. FINDINGS The data analysis showed how the learner could successfully construct a logical argument in his literature review.
The process of constructing the argument took two pre-writing actions, two writing actions, and a post-writing action. This section describes these actions with the data from the observational field notes. Then, each section is supported with the data from the discussions between the supervisor and the supervisee. The purpose of literature review is describing the past relevant studies to justify the need for a new research Bitchener, In order to fulfil this purpose, the learner had to discover the conventional form for organizing the past findings and criticism in a structured way, engineering literature review example.
To facilitate this discovery the supervisor shared with the learner a engineering literature review example sample of literature review written for geotechnical engineering. Then, he guided the learner to discover the moves and linguistic features of the text. One function of the literature review according to Paltridge and Starfield is assessing the methods of the past research.
what purpose did the writer discuss the method proposed by Baligh and Azzouz ? Why did the writer discussed Azzouz, Baligh, engineering literature review example, and Ladd firstly, then the method of Chen and Chameau ? These questions aimed at helping the learner to discover the relationship between the paragraphs as well as the techniques to arrange and organize the content of the literature review. It was engineering literature review example these investigations that the learner found the content of a sample literature review written by Kalatehjari and Ali was basically presented chronologically.
He discovered that the writers of the sample also used another method of discussing the variables different methods considered. After these discoveries, the supervisor guided the learner to discover how the writers built relationships between sentences, paragraphs, and sections by asking questions such as: is the link between this paragraph and the following paragraph clear?
How did the authors develop a logical discussion in this paragraph? In order to answer such questions, the learner needed to analyze the structure of phrases and sentences as engineering literature review example as the global structure of the whole text. The learner could discover that the major characteristic of the paragraphs was completeness of information in phrases, engineering literature review example, paragraphs, and the whole text.
He also found that having a topic sentence for each and every paragraphs plays a significant role in building a logical relationship between the paragraphs and discussions, engineering literature review example.
Other than these, he could discover that linguistic devices such as conjunctions and repetition of words link the sentences of a paragraph together and build a cohesive discussion. After such discoveries, the supervisor led the learner to commence writing his own literature review, by asking him a though provoking question: What is the first step to write the literature review?
Interestingly, the learner gave an analytical answer which later on led to a good conclusion. I know what the problem was and how I solve the problem.
I understood in the literature review I need to show the gap of the literature. So, I need to write a scenario which describes that gap. It shows the learner could develop awareness of the function of the literature review. He also proposed to write a scenario, engineering literature review example. I need to list down the events that caused this problem, then explain each event.
He elaborated that when he identified the relevant past studies, he needed to draw an outline of them to make them organized. He added that based on the outline he would engineering literature review example paragraphs of his literature review. After this discussion the learner draw an outline of the past proposed methods relevant to his work.
In this process, the supervisor asked questions such as: why did you put this method after that other method. Engineering literature review example this questions the supervisor made the learner to practice logical arrangement of the information.
Literature Review with Practical Example
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